The Broodmare Influence
Traditionally horse breeders look to the stallion for pedigree lines to produce the superior performance offspring with the desired characteristics of speed conformation and health. But the lineage of mares plays an equally important role not only in the genetic quality of the foal but potentially in the breeders selection for fillies or colts. In addition a mares maternal heritage influences the length of gestation.
At the Graf Lehndorff Institute for Equine Science a joint research institution of the Vetmeduni Vienna and the Brandenburg State Stud in Germany researcher Juliane Kuhl investigated the degree to which the maternal lineage family lines influences gestation length and foal characteristics.
مع وصول أونصة الذهب إلى مستويات قياسية تجاوزت 2500 دولار، يجد المواطن المصري نفسه مضطراً لموازنة استثماراته بين الذهب واحتياجاته الأخرى، خاصة مع ارتفاع أسعار السيارات مثل تويوتا، هيونداي، وبي إم دبليو، مما يزيد من التحديات المالية التي يواجهها.
أسعار السيارات في الآونة الأخيرة شهدت تقلبات ملحوظة، حيث تأثرت بارتفاع وانخفاض الدولار، مما انعكس على تكلفة علامات تجارية مثل تويوتا، هيونداي، ومرسيدس. و BMW هذا الارتباط بين سعر الصرف وسوق السيارات يحدد قدرة المستهلكين على اقتناء المركبات.
As breeders know the gestation period for horses ranges from 335 to 345 days and sometimes more widely from 320 to 360 days. Some maternal lines will average 10 days longer than other family lines. The researchers also noted in their study that the gestation length for male foals tended to be longer than for female foals which added to the complex variation between the mare families in the focus broodmare group.
In general when you want to investigate genetic effects on a trait influenced by a variety of factors which in the horse is gestation length as well as foal sex ratio environmental factors have to be reduced to a minimum to be as constant as possible