Learn About Your Horse's Teeth

get extra teeth in the interdental gap that we call the bars of the mouth. Canine and wolf teeth are slightly more common in stallions and geldings than in mares where they will also appear smaller in size. They may only grow into the upper jaw or they may grow in both the upper and lower jaw. Because these teeth can cause discomfort especially when holding a bit they can be removed. These teeth can sit beneath the gums in some horses be quite small or get quite pronounced
Incisors
Your horses front teeth are called incisors. These teeth efficiently clip the grass as it grazes. These are also the first teeth to appear as the milk teeth grow in and the first to shed as the permanent teeth push through. These teeth are the easiest to see so its from these that a horses age is estimated. 
These teeth can continue to grow to replace the gradual erosion caused by cropping fodder that has grit and other abrasives. Incisors can also be damaged by blows that can crack the tooth just like human teeth can be damaged. All horse teeth are deeply rooted and the roots can curve well back into the jaw bone.
Premolars and Molars
The premolars or cheek teeth sit directly behind the bars of the mouth. These teeth help to grind food before it is gathered into a bolus at the back of the throat and swallowed. The cheek teeth are wider than the incisors. A horse moves its jaws sideways to grind grass hay or grains. These teeth convert fodder like grass or hay into a 12 inch long. If you see pieces of grass or hay in a horses manure that are longer it could indicate a dental problem that is making it hard for your horse to chew properly.
All of your horses teeth grow about 16 inch per year. The amount of wear depends on the type of soil the horse is grazing on and the type of fodder as well as the health habits and genetics of the horse itself.
Premolars and molars are very deeply rooted in the horses jaw bone. In the lower jaw these teeth extend to the bottom of the bone. There are three premolars and three molars located at the top and bottom for a total of 24. Very rarely a horse may have an extra molar.